India assumes Presidency of the UN Security Council
- India on Sunday (1st August 2021) assumed the presidency of the UN Security Council for the month of August.
- The presidency for the month of August will be India's first time at the helm during its 2021-22 tenure as a non-permanent member of the Security Council.
- India is organising three high-level signature meetings focussing on our priority areas—maritime security, peacekeeping and counter-terrorism.
UN Security Council (UNSC)
- UN Charter established six main organs of the United Nations, including the Security Council.
- The other five organs of the UN are:
- General Assembly
- Economic and Social Council
- Trusteeship Council
- International Court of Justice and
- Secretariat
- UNSC is primarily responsible for maintaining international peace and security.
- UNSC held its first session on 17 January 1946 in Westminster, London.
- Headquarters for the council has been in New York City at the UN Headquarters.
Composition of UNSC
- It consists of 15 members — five permanent members and 10 non-permanent members.
- The five permanent members are the US, UK, Russia, China and France.
- The permanent members of the UNSC have a veto power.
- This veto allows any of these five countries to block the adoption of a resolution.
- Every year, five non-permanent members are elected for a tenure of two years.
- Unlike permanent members of the council, the non-permanent members do not have veto power.
- However, they have “collective right of veto” i.e. Any resolution of the UNSC has to be passed by at least seven non-permanent members even if all the permanent members support it.
- To be elected as a non-permanent member of the council, each member-country requires a two-third majority of the entire assembly.
Presidency of UNSC
- Every member-country of the council, including the non-permanent members, also assumes the presidency of the council every month.
- The presidency is determined in an alphabetical order.
India and UNSC
- This is the eighth time India has been serving as a non-permanent member of the UNSC.
- India has earlier been a non-permanent member of UNSC in 1950-51, 1967-68, 1972-73, 1977-78, 1984-85, 1991-92 and 2011-12.
- India will preside over the council again for a month in 2022.